Pobierz cały numer Kwartalnik EDUKACJA 02/2026 (plik PDF) 

DOI 10.24131/3724.260201

Abstract

Introduction: Psychological characteristics related to interpersonal functioning may be relevant in teacher education; however, relatively little is known about their configuration in students preparing for educational careers.
Research Aim: The study aimed to assess levels of impulsivity, directiveness, and multiple dimensions of social competence among teacher education students and to examine differences by gender and field of study, as well as to describe the normative competence profile of this population.
Method: The sample consisted of 250 students aged 18–45 enrolled in teacher education programs at the University of Wrocław. Participants completed standardized self-report measures of impulsivity, directiveness, and social competence. Group differences were examined using comparative tests, and norm-referenced scores were analyzed descriptively.
Results: Small but statistically significant gender differences were found: men scored higher on impulsivity, whereas women scored higher on cooperative competencies. No gender differences were observed for directiveness or other competence domains. Field of study was not associated with statistically significant differences in any measured variable. Norm-referenced analyses indicated a consistent profile characterized by elevated cooperative competencies and average levels in the remaining domains.
Conclusion: Teacher education students demonstrated substantial similarity across fields of study and a shared competence configuration emphasizing cooperation. The observed pattern should be treated as preliminary and requires replication in larger and more balanced samples.

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DOI 10.24131/3724.260202

Abstract

Introduction: This article focuses on the labor market outcomes of acquisition of basic digital skills. A review of similar previous studies suggests that the present article is the first to focus on basic digital skills, to be based on a repeated measurement of these skills and to take account of a wide range of labor market outcomes.
Research Aim: Our aim is to empirically test whether the acquisition of basic digital skills leads to an improved professional situation.
Method: After outlining hypothetical underlying causal mechanisms, we use a unique panel dataset from a repeated assessment carried out in Poland and propensity score weighting technique to obtain two comparable groups of adults.
Results: No significant effect of the acquisition
of basic digital skills is found, with most effect estimates approaching zero. Additional strands of analysis indicate two probable reasons of this apparent lack of impact. First, most of adults who acquired basic digital skills did not obtain jobs requiring
these skills. Second, what seems to be rewarded in the labor market is experience using work-relevant software, rather than possessing basic digital skills.
Conclusion: A policy implication is that the education and training system should provide individuals with more than basic digital skills to increase their employability.

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DOI 10.24131/3724.260203

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie: Edukacja ukierunkowana na rozwijanie kompetencji kluczowych nie może pomijać kształtowania postawy badawczej, rozumianej jako gotowość do samodzielnego konstruowania wiedzy, formułowania pytań oraz krytycznej analizy zjawisk. Inspiracją do podejmowania tego rodzaju aktywności mogą być różnorodne źródła, w tym podręczniki szkolne. Fakt ten zobowiązuje ich autorów do uwzględniania w treściach dydaktycznych zadań o charakterze badawczym.
Cel badań: Poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jakim stopniu podręczniki szkolne do edukacji matematycznej wspierają nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej w organizowaniu zajęć umożliwiających uczniom rozwiązywanie zadań o charakterze badawczym.
Metoda badań: W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono zarówno autorski, jak i nowatorski model podziału matematycznych zadań badawczych, który został wykorzystany jako narzędzie analityczne w przeglądzie podręczników do edukacji matematycznej na pierwszym etapie kształcenia.
Wyniki badań: Przeprowadzona analiza poszukująca odpowiedzi na pytania: „Jakie typy matematycznych zadań badawczych występują w podręcznikach edukacji wczesnoszkolnej?”, „Jaki jest ich udział procentowy w stosunku do wszystkich zadań?” wykazała, iż zadania tego typu występują w omawianych materiałach dydaktycznych w sposób ograniczony.
Wnioski: Taka sytuacja może istotnie utrudniać kształtowanie u uczniów postawy badawczej oraz rozwój kompetencji związanych z myśleniem problemowym i twórczym, zwłaszcza w kontekście dominującej roli podręcznika jako podstawowego narzędzia pracy dydaktycznej w praktyce szkolnej.

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DOI 10.24131/3724.260204

Abstract

Purpose: This article examines factors associated with the effectiveness of learning English as a foreign language (EFL) among Polish primary school graduates, using the population of graduates from public primary schools in a medium-sized city as a case study. Based on data from the 2022 eighth-grade examination, a threshold corresponding to A2 proficiency as defined by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR; Polish: ESOKJ) was established (standard setting procedure). This threshold was then used to estimate the proportion of students completing primary school with English proficiency at the A2 level. The estimated proportion was 32.2% in Poland as a whole and 40.3% in the city under study, pointing to a substantial gap in foreign language attainment.
Method: The analysis drew on data on potential individual, family, and school-related determinants of achievement collected for the entire city population of 8th grade students. A series of logistic regression analyses, culminating in a mixed-effects logistic regression model with multiple imputation and backward elimination, identified several significant correlates of attaining A2 proficiency.
Results: Higher educational aspirations, intrinsic motivation, learning English outside school, playing computer games in English, and reading books in English were positively associated with the likelihood of reaching the A2 level. Direct parental assistance with homework was negatively associated with this outcome (a probable explanation is reverse causality). The two-level model also revealed significant variation between class groups.
Discussion: This variation was largely explained by motivational patterns: teaching pedagogies supporting intrinsic motivation appear to enhance language learning effectiveness, whereas school reinforcement
of parental strategies oriented towards extrinsic motivation may reduce it.

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